Two venom allergen-like proteins, HaVAP1 and HaVAP2, are involved in the parasitism of Heterodera avenae

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Liu, Shiming

作者： Liu, Shiming;Kong, Lingan;Peng, Huan;Huang, Wenkun;Peng, Deliang;Luo, Shujie;Jian, Heng

作者机构：

关键词： CYPRO4-like protein; HaVAP1; HaVAP2; Heterodera avenae; Hordeum vulgare; venom allergen-like protein

期刊名称：MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY （ 影响因子：5.663； 五年影响因子：5.626 ）

ISSN： 1464-6722

年卷期： 2019 年 20 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Despite the fact that venom allergen-like proteins (VAPs) have been identified in many animal- and plant-parasitic nematodes, studies on VAPs in Heterodera avenae, which is an important phytonematode, are still in their infancy. Here, we isolated, cloned and characterized two VAPs, named HaVAP1 and HaVAP2, from H. avenae. The two encoded proteins, HaVAP1 and HaVAP2, harbour an SCP-like domain each, but share only 38% identity with each other. HaVAP1 and HaVAP2 are expressed in subventral and dorsal oesophageal glands, respectively. HaVAP1 is expressed mainly at the early stages, whereas HaVAP2 accumulates principally at the late stages. Both HaVAP1 and HaVAP2 are secreted when expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, but HaVAP1 is delivered into chloroplasts, whereas HaVAP2 is translocated to the nucleus without signal peptides. Knocking down HaVAP1 increased the virulence of H. avenae. In contrast, silencing of HaVAP2 hampered the parasitism of H. avenae. Both HaVAP1 and HaVAP2 suppressed the cell death induced by BAX in N. benthamiana leaves. Moreover, HaVAP2 physically interacted with a CYPRO4-like protein (HvCLP) of Hordeum vulgare in the nucleus of the plant. It is reasonable to speculate that the changes in the transcript of HvCLP are associated with HaVAP2 during the parasitism of H. avenae. All results obtained in this study show that both HaVAP1 and HaVAP2 are involved in the parasitism of H. avenae, but they possess different functions, broadening our understanding of the parasitic mechanism of H. avenae.

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