Multi-phenotype response and cadmium detection of rice stem under toxic cadmium exposure

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Wang, Wei

作者： Wang, Wei;Wang, Leiping;Xiao, Hang;Wang, Wei;Man, Zun;Li, Xiaolong;Chen, Rongqin;Pan, Tiantian;Liu, Fei;Wang, Wei;Wang, Leiping;Xiao, Hang;Zhao, Yiying;Dai, Xiaorong

作者机构：

关键词： Rice stem; Cadmium; Plant phenotype; Lipid peroxidation; Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; Machine learning

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：9.8； 五年影响因子：9.6 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2024 年 917 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Rice stem is the sole conduit for cadmium translocation from underground to aboveground. The presence of cadmium can trigger responses of rice stem multi-phenotype, affecting metabolism, reducing yield, and altering composition, which is related to crop growth, food safety, and new energy utilization. Exploring the adversity response of plant phenotypes can provide a reliable assessment of growth status. However, the phytotoxicity and mechanism of cadmium stress on rice stem remain unclear. Here, we systematically revealed the response mechanisms of cadmium accumulation, adversity physiology, and morphological characteristic in rice stem under cadmium stress for the first time with concentration gradients of CK, 5, 25, 50, and 100 mu M, and duration gradients of Day 5, Day 10, Day 15, and Day 20. The results indicated that cadmium stress led to a significant increase in cadmium accumulation, accompanied by the adversity response in stem phenotypes. Specifically, cadmium can cause fluctuations in soluble protein and disturbance of malondialdehyde (MDA), which reflects lipid peroxidation induced by cadmium accumulation. Lipid peroxidation inhibited rice growth by causing (1) a reduction in stem length, diameter, and weight, (2) suppression of air cavity, vascular bundle, parenchyma, and epidermal hair, and (3) disruption of cell structure. Furthermore, rapid detection of cadmium was realized based on the combination of laser -induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and machine learning, which took less than 3 min. The established qualitative model realized the precise discrimination of cadmium stress degrees with a prediction accuracy exceeding 92 %, and the quantitative model achieved the outstanding prediction effect of cadmium, with Rp of 0.9944. This work systematically revealed the phytotoxicity of cadmium on rice stem multiphenotype from a novel perspective of lipid peroxidation and realized the rapid detection of cadmium in rice stem, which provided the technical tool and theoretical foundation for accurate prevention and efficient control of heavy metal risks in crops.

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