Humoral and cellular immune responses following Omicron BA.2.2 breakthrough infection and Omicron BA.5 reinfection

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Zhao, Xin-Jing

作者： Zhao, Xin-Jing;Fang, Li-Qun;Zhao, Xin-Jing;Li, De-Yu;Zhang, Sheng;Gu, Hong-Jing;Chen, Jin-Jin;Xu, Qiang;Lv, Chen-Long;Jiang, Bao-Gui;Wang, Hui;Wang, Guo-Lin;Fang, Li-Qun;Ji, Bin;Peng, Hong-Hong;Shi, Chao;Shen, Yuan;Shang, Chao;Zhang, Cui-Ling;Li, Xiao;Qian, Cheng

作者机构：

期刊名称：ISCIENCE （ 影响因子：4.6； 五年影响因子：5.0 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 27 卷 7 期

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The emergence of novel Omicron subvariants has raised concerns regarding the efficacy of immunity induced by prior Omicron subvariants breakthrough infection (BTI) or reinfection against current circulating Omicron subvariants. Here, we prospectively investigated the durability of antibody and T cell responses in individuals post Omicron BA.2.2 BTI, with or without subsequent Omicron BA.5 reinfection. Our findings reveal that the emerging Omicron subvariants, including CH.1.1, XBB, and JN.1, exhibit extensive immune evasion induced by previous infections. Notably, the level of IgG and neutralizing antibodies were found to correlate with subsequent Omicron BA.5 reinfection. Fortunately, T cell responses recognizing both Omicron BA.2 and CH.1.1 peptides were observed. Furthermore, Omicron BA.5 reinfection may alleviate immune imprinting induced by WT -vaccination, bolster virus -specific ICS T cell responses, and promote the phenotypic differentiation of virus -specific memory CD8 + T cells. Antigen -updated or T cell -conserved vaccines are needed to control the transmission of diverse emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

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