Newly identified invertebrate-type lysozyme (Splys-i) in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) exhibiting muramidase-deficient antimicrobial activity
文献类型: 外文期刊
第一作者: Zhou, Jian
作者: Zhou, Jian;Zhao, Shu;Fang, Wen-Hong;Zhou, Jun-Fang;Zhang, Jing-Xiao;Li, Xin-Cang;Zhou, Jian;Zhao, Shu;Fang, Wen-Hong;Zhou, Jun-Fang;Zhang, Jing-Xiao;Li, Xin-Cang;Zhou, Jian;Ma, Hongyu;Lan, Jiang-Feng
作者机构:
关键词: Invertebrate-type lysozyme;Expression profiles;Antimicrobial activity;Binding activity;Agglutinating activity;Isopeptidase activity
期刊名称:DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY ( 影响因子:3.636; 五年影响因子:3.654 )
ISSN: 0145-305X
年卷期: 2017 年 74 卷
页码:
收录情况: SCI
摘要: Lysozymes are widely distributed immune effectors exerting muramidase activity against the peptidoglycan of the bacterial cell wall to trigger cell lysis. However, some invertebrate-type (i-type) lysozymes deficient of muramidase activity still exhibit antimicrobial activity. To date, the mechanism underlying the antimicrobial effect of muramidase-deficient i-type lysozymes remains unclear. Accordingly, this study characterized a novel i-type lysozyme, Splys-i, in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Splys-i shared the highest identity with the Litopenaeus vannamei i-type lysozyme (Lvlys-i2, 54% identity) at the amino acid level. Alignment analysis and 3D structure comparison show that Splys-i may be a muramidasedeficient i-type lysozyme because it lacks the two conserved catalytic residues (Glu and Asp) that are necessary for muramidase activity. Splys-i is mainly distributed in the intestine, stomach, gills, hepatopancreas, and hemocytes, and it is upregulated by Vibrio harveyi or Staphylococcus aureus challenge. Recombinant Splys-i protein (rSplys-i) can inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (V harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahemolyticus, and Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium), and the fungus Candida albicans to varying degrees. In this study, two binding assays and a bacterial agglutination assay were conducted to elucidate the potential antimicrobial mechanisms of Splys-i. Results demonstrated that rSplys-i could bind to all nine aforementioned microorganisms. It also exhibited a strong binding activity to lipopolysaccharide from E. coli and lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan (PGN) from S. aureus but a weak binding activity to PGN from B. subtilis and beta-glucan from fungi. Moreover, rSplys-i could agglutinate these nine types of microorganisms in the presence of Ca2+ at different protein concentrations. These results suggest that the binding activity and its triggered agglutinating activity might be two major mechanisms of action to realize the muramidasedeficient antibacterial activity. In addition, rSplys-i can hydrolyze the peptidoglycan of some Grampositive bacteria because it exhibits weak isopeptidase activities in salt and protein concentration dependent manner. This result indicates that such an isopeptidase activity may contribute to the muramidase-deficient antimicrobial activity to a certain degree. In conclusion, Splys-i is upregulated by pathogenic bacteria, and it inhibits bacterial growth by binding and agglutination activities as well as isopeptidase activity, suggesting that Splys-i is involved in immune defense against bacteria through several different mechanisms of action. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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