A Novel Oral Astaxanthin Nanoemulsion fromHaematococcus pluvialisInduces Apoptosis in Lung Metastatic Melanoma

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Haung, Hsing-Yu

作者： Haung, Hsing-Yu;Cheng, Ying-Chen;Wang, Hui-Min David;Wang, Yi-Chen;Kang, Wenyi;Hu, Shang-Hsiu;Liu, Dengyong;Xiao, Chaogeng;Wang, Hui-Min David;Wang, Hui-Min David;Wang, Hui-Min David

作者机构：

期刊名称：OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY （ 影响因子：6.543； 五年影响因子：7.454 ）

ISSN： 1942-0900

年卷期： 2020 年 2020 卷

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Astaxanthin (AST) is a naturally occurring xanthophyll carotenoid having the potential to be used as an anticancer agent; however, the human body has a low bioavailability of AST due to its poor solubility in the water phase. Therefore, we applied D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as an emulsifier and natural edible peanut oil to form a steady oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion loaded with AST (denoted as TAP-nanoemulsion). TAP-nanoemulsions were stable without the droplet coalescence against thermal treatments (30-90 degrees C), pH value changes (over a range of 2.0-8.0), and ionic strength adjustments (at NaCl concentrations of 100-500 mM) measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS). AST within TAP-nanoemulsion was released up to 80% in a simulated intestinal enzymatic fluidin vitro, and the overall recovery rate was fairly consistent in the Caco-2 cellular model. In order to further evaluatein vivomelanoma inhibitory experiments, we injected the fluorescent-stained B16F10 cells into female C57BL/6 mouse tail veins and treated TAP-nanoemulsion in an oral gavage. qRT-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that TAP-nanoemulsion triggered effectively the apoptosis pathway, including enhancements of cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), and p21WAF1/CIP1 (p21) and decreases of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2); cyclins D, D1, and E; mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK); extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK); nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B); and matrix metallopeptidase-1 and metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-1 and MMP-9) in both gene and protein expressions. In conclusion, this study suggests that TAP-nanoemulsion with the oral treatment has a positive chemotherapy effect in melanoma with lung metastasesin vivo. As far as we know, this is the first time to demonstrate that an antioxidant in nanoparticle administration cures lung metastatic melanoma.

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