Molecular characteristic, evolution, and pathogenicity analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates associated with QX type in China

文献类型： 外文期刊

第一作者： Lu, Yuanlu

作者： Lu, Yuanlu;Zeng, Yiran;Luo, Haowei;Qiao, Bingchen;Meng, Qi;Dai, Zijian;Chen, Na;Zhao, Lingcai;Ping, Jihui;Meng, Xianchen;Zhang, Haitao;Xia, Jun;Xia, Jun;Meng, Xianchen

作者机构：

关键词： Infectious bronchitis virus; genome recombination; pathogenicity; neutralizing epitope; antigenic variation

期刊名称：POULTRY SCIENCE （ 影响因子：4.2； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN： 0032-5791

年卷期： 2024 年 103 卷 12 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is oneof the major avian pathogens plaguing the global poul-try industry. Although vaccination is the primary pre-ventive measure for IBV infection, the emergence ofvirus variants with mutations and recombination hasresulted in IBV circulating globally, presenting a chal-lenge for IB control. Here, we isolated 3 IBV strains(CZ200515, CZ210840, and CZ211063) from suspectedsick chickens vaccinated with IBV live attenuated vac-cines (H120, 4/91, or QXL87). Phylogenetic analysis ofthe S1 gene sequence of the spike (S) revealed that the 3isolates belonged to the QX-type (GI-19 lineage). Wholegenome sequencing and recombination analysis indi-cated that CZ200515 and CZ210840 contained geneticmaterial from 4/91 and Scyz3 (QX-type), possibly dueto recombination between the circulating strain and the4/91 vaccine strain, while no evidence of recombinationwas found in CZ211063. Pathogenicity analysis in 1-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens demon-strated that all 3 isolates caused severe tissue damageand varying degrees of mortality. Virus cross-neutraliza-tion assay revealed decreased antigen relatednessbetween the isolates and the QX-type vaccine strain(QXL87). Amino acid sequence homology analysis ofS1 revealed 5%-6.5% variances between the isolates andQXL87. Analysis of the S1 subunit structure revealedthat mutations of amino acid residues in the hypervari-able region (HVR) and the neutralizing epitope regionresulted in antigenic variation in isolates by changingthe antigen conformation. Our data indicate antigenic-ity variances between QX isolates and QXL87 vaccinestrains, potentially resulting in immune evasion occur-rences. Overall, these results offer crucial insights intothe epidemiology and pathogenicity of QX-type IBV,facilitating improved selection and formulation of vac-cines for disease management.

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