文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Yucheng ¹ ; Pedersen, Mikkel Winther ² ; Alsos, Inger Greve ³ ; De Sanctis, Bianca ¹ ; Racimo, Fernando ² ; P ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England

2.Univ Copenhagen, GLOBE Inst, Lundbeck Fdn, GeoGenet Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark

3.UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Arctic Univ Museum Norway, Tromso, Norway

4.Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge, England

5.Univ Savoie Mt Blanc, Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France

6.Univ Copenhagen, GLOBE Inst, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark

7.UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Dept Geosci, Tromso, Norway

8.Univ Paris Saclay, Inst Integrat Biol Cell I2BC, CNRS, CEA, Gif Sur Yvette, France

9.Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Evry, Genom Metabol, Inst Francois Jacob,Genoscope,CNRS,CEA, Evry, France

10.St Petersburg State Univ, Inst Earth Sci, St Petersburg, Russia

11.Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg, Russia

12.Univ Southampton, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Southampton, Hants, England

13.Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Quaternary Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA

14.Univ Paul Sabatier, Fac Med, Ctr Anthropobiol & Genom Toulouse, Toulouse, France

15.Natl Res Univ, Higher Sch Econ, Moscow, Russia

16.Univ Hawaii, Dept Geog & Environm, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA

17.Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Copenhagen, Denmark

18.Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

19.St Petersburg State Univ, Fac Biol, St Petersburg, Russia

20.Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Dept Glaciol & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark

21.Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, Bergen, Norway

22.Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway

23.Natl Pk Serv, Gates Arctic Natl Pk & Preserve, Fairbanks, AK USA

24.Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg, Russia

25.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Resource & Environm Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China

26.Jilin Univ, Coll Plant Sci, Changchun, Peoples R China

27.Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Univ Copenhagen, GLOBE Inst, Ctr Global Mt Biodivers, Copenhagen, Denmark

28.Open Univ, Sch Environm Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England

29.Southern Methodist Univ, Dept Anthropol, Dallas, TX USA

30.Lund Univ, Dept Geol, Quaternary Sci, Lund, Sweden

31.Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, England

32.Univ Bremen, MARUM, Bremen, Germany

期刊名称：NATURE （ 影响因子：49.962； 五年影响因子：54.637 ）

ISSN： 0028-0836

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： A large-scale metagenomic analysis of plant and mammal environmental DNA reveals complex ecological changes across the circumpolar region over the past 50,000 years, as biota responded to changing climates, culminating in the postglacial extinction of large mammals and emergence of modern ecosystems. During the last glacial-interglacial cycle, Arctic biotas experienced substantial climatic changes, yet the nature, extent and rate of their responses are not fully understood(1-8). Here we report a large-scale environmental DNA metagenomic study of ancient plant and mammal communities, analysing 535 permafrost and lake sediment samples from across the Arctic spanning the past 50,000 years. Furthermore, we present 1,541 contemporary plant genome assemblies that were generated as reference sequences. Our study provides several insights into the long-term dynamics of the Arctic biota at the circumpolar and regional scales. Our key findings include: (1) a relatively homogeneous steppe-tundra flora dominated the Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by regional divergence of vegetation during the Holocene epoch; (2) certain grazing animals consistently co-occurred in space and time; (3) humans appear to have been a minor factor in driving animal distributions; (4) higher effective precipitation, as well as an increase in the proportion of wetland plants, show negative effects on animal diversity; (5) the persistence of the steppe-tundra vegetation in northern Siberia enabled the late survival of several now-extinct megafauna species, including the woolly mammoth until 3.9 +/- 0.2 thousand years ago (ka) and the woolly rhinoceros until 9.8 +/- 0.2 ka; and (6) phylogenetic analysis of mammoth environmental DNA reveals a previously unsampled mitochondrial lineage. Our findings highlight the power of ancient environmental metagenomics analyses to advance understanding of population histories and long-term ecological dynamics.