文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ma, Huimiao ¹ ; Jia, Yan ¹ ; Wang, Weiqiang ¹ ; Wang, Jin ² ; Zou, Detang ¹ ; Wang, Jingguo ¹ ; Gong, Weibin ¹ ; Han, Yiming ¹ ; Dang, Yuxiang ¹ ; Wang, Jing ¹ ; Wang, Ziming ¹ ; Yuan, Qianru ¹ ; Sun, Yu ⁴ ; Zeng, Xiannan ⁴ ; Zhang, Shiqi ¹ ; Zhao, Hongwei ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Northeast Agr Univ, Key Lab Germplasm Enhancement Physiol & Ecol Food, Minist Educ, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China

2.Nanjing Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement &, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China

3.Bei Da Huang Kenfeng Seed Ltd Co, Harbin 150431, Peoples R China

4.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Cultivat & Tillage, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

关键词： rice; grain-filling stage; low-temperature stress; carbon and nitrogen metabolism; grain yield

期刊名称：AGRONOMY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 15 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Interactions between carbon and nitrogen metabolism are essential for balancing source-sink dynamics in plants. Frequent cold stress disrupts these metabolic processes in rice and reduces grain yield. Two rice cultivars (DN428: cold-tolerant; SJ10: cold-sensitive) were subjected to 19 degrees C low-temperature stress at full-heading for varying lengths of time to analyze the effects on leaf and grain metabolism. The objective was to track carbon-nitrogen flow and identify factors affecting grain yield. Low-temperature stress significantly reduced the activity of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), in functional leaves compared to the control. This reduction decreased nitrogen accumulation, inhibited chlorophyll synthesis, and slowed photosynthesis. To preserve intracellular osmotic balance and lessen the effects of low temperatures, sucrose, fructose, and total soluble sugar levels, as well as sucrose synthase (SS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities, surged in response to low-temperature stress. However, low-temperature stress significantly reduced the activity of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), soluble starch synthase (SSS), and starch branching enzyme (SBE). At the same time, low-temperature stress reduced the area of vascular bundles and phloem, making it difficult to transport carbon and nitrogen metabolites to grains on time. The response of grains to low-temperature stress differs from that of leaves, with prolonged low-temperature exposure causing a gradual decrease in carbon and nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities and product accumulation within the grains. The insufficient synthesis of starch precursors and carbon skeletons results in significantly lower thousand-grain weight and seed-setting rates, ultimately contributing to grain yield loss. This decline was more pronounced in inferior grains compared to superior grains. Compared to SJ10, DN428 exhibited higher values across various indicators and smaller declines under low-temperature stress, suggesting enhanced cold-tolerance and a greater capacity to maintain grain yield stability.