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High-Energy-Density Organic Amendments Enhance Soil Health

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Shi, Feifan 1 ; Zhao, Xinyue 1 ; Cheng, Qilu 2 ; Lin, Hui 2 ; Zheng, Huabao 3 ; Zhou, Qifa 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Zhejiang Univ, Coll Life Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China

2.Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Environm Resources Soil & Fertilizers, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China

3.Zhejiang A&F Univ, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Soil Contaminat Bioremediat, Hangzhou 311300, Peoples R China

关键词： high-energy-density organic amendments; microbial growth; bacterial; fungal ratio; microbial community; microbe-crop competition; soil health

期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH （ 影响因子：4.614； 五年影响因子：4.798 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2022 年 19 卷 19 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Soil microbial biomass (SMB) and soil microbial communities (SMCs) are the key factors in soil health and agricultural sustainability. We hypothesized that low bioavailable carbon (C) and energy were the key limiting factors influencing soil microbial growth and developed a new fertilization system to address this: the simultaneous application of mineral fertilizers and high-energy-density organic amendments (HED-OAs). A microcosm soil incubation experiment and a Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis pot culture experiment were used to test the effects of this new system. Compared to mineral fertilizer application alone, the simultaneous input of fertilizers and vegetable oil (SIFVO) achieved a bacterial abundance, fungal abundance, and fungal:bacterial ratio that were two orders of magnitude higher, significantly higher organic C and nitrogen (N) content, significantly lower N loss, and nearly net-zero N2O emissions. We proposed an energy and nutrient threshold theory to explain the observed bacterial and fungal growth characteristics, challenging the previously established C:N ratio determination theory. Furthermore, SIFVO led to microbial community improvements (an increased fungal:bacterial ratio, enriched rhizosphere bacteria and fungi, and reduced N-transformation bacteria) that were beneficial for agricultural sustainability. A low vegetable oil rate (5 g/kg) significantly promoted Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis growth and decreased the shoot N content by 35%, while a high rate caused severe N deficiency and significantly inhibited growth of the crop, confirming the exceptionally high microbial abundance and indicating severe microbe-crop competition for nutrients in the soil.

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