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Comparative analysis of lipid and flavonoid biosynthesis between Pongamia and soybean seeds: genomic, transcriptional, and metabolic perspectives

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Chun 1 ; Huang, Rui 1 ; Zhao, Xingkun 5 ; Xu, Ranran 5 ; Zhang, Jianyu 5 ; Li, Xinyong 1 ; Liu, Guodao 1 ; Dong, Rongshu 1 ; Liu, Pandao 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Trop Crops Genet Resources Inst, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Natl Key Lab Trop Crop Breeding, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

3.Minist Agr & Rual Affairs, Key Lab Crop Gene Resources & Germplasm Enhancemen, Haikou 571101, Peoples R China

4.Key Lab Trop Germplasm Resources Genet Improvement, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China

5.Hainan Univ, Sch Trop Agr & Forestry, Sanya 570228, Peoples R China

6.Hainan Univ, Sanya Inst Breeding & Multiplicat, Sanya 570228, Peoples R China

关键词： Pongamia; Soybean; Multi-omics; Lipids; Flavonoids

期刊名称：BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS （ 影响因子：3.3； 五年影响因子：3.3 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 17 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background Soybean (Glycine max) is a vital oil-producing crop. Augmenting oleic acid (OA) levels in soybean oil enhances its oxidative stability and health benefits, representing a key objective in soybean breeding. Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata), known for its abundant oil, OA, and flavonoid in the seeds, holds promise as a biofuel and medicinal plant. A comparative analysis of the lipid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in Pongamia and soybean seeds would facilitate the assessment of the potential value of Pongamia seeds and advance the genetic improvements of seed traits in both species. Results The study employed multi-omics analysis to systematically compare differences in metabolite accumulation and associated biosynthetic genes between Pongamia seeds and soybean seeds at the transcriptional, metabolic, and genomic levels. The results revealed that OA is the predominant free fatty acid in Pongamia seeds, being 8.3 times more abundant than in soybean seeds. Lipidomics unveiled a notably higher accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in Pongamia seeds compared to soybean seeds, with 23 TAG species containing OA. Subsequently, we identified orthologous groups (OGs) involved in lipid biosynthesis across 25 gene families in the genomes of Pongamia and soybean, and compared the expression levels of these OGs in the seeds of the two species. Among the OGs with expression levels in Pongamia seeds more than twice as high as in soybean seeds, we identified one fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase A (FATA) and two stearoyl-ACP desaturases (SADs), responsible for OA biosynthesis, along with two phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) and three acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs), responsible for TAG biosynthesis. Furthermore, we observed a significantly higher content of the flavonoid formononetin in Pongamia seeds compared to soybean seeds, by over 2000-fold. This difference may be attributed to the tandem duplication expansions of 2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone 4'-O-methyltransferases (HI4'OMTs) in the Pongamia genome, which are responsible for the final step of formononetin biosynthesis, combined with their high expression levels in Pongamia seeds. Conclusions This study extends beyond observations made in single-species research by offering novel insights into the molecular basis of differences in lipid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways between Pongamia and soybean, from a cross-species comparative perspective.

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