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Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a trimeric full-length S protein subunit vaccine for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Guo, Weilu 1 ; Wang, Chuanhong 1 ; Song, Xu 1 ; Xu, Hong 1 ; Zhao, Shuqing 1 ; Gu, Jun 1 ; Zou, Zhikun 6 ; Li, Jing 6 ; Qian, Jiali 1 ; Zhang, Xue 1 ; Guo, Rongli 1 ; Li, Jizong 1 ; Li, Li 1 ; Hu, Zhaoyang 4 ; Ren, Lili 7 ; Fan, Baochao 1 ; Li, Bin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med,Minist Agr, Key Lab Vet Biol Engn & Technol,State Key Lab Cult, Jiangsu Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

2.Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China

3.Yangzhou Univ, Jiangsu Co innovat Ctr Prevent & Control Important, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China

4.Jiangsu Univ, Sch Life Sci, Zhenjiang 212013, Peoples R China

5.Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Peoples R China

6.Chengdu Yisikang Biotechnol LLC, Chendou 610095, Peoples R China

7.Nanjing Tech Univ, Sch Pharm, 5th Mofan Rd, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

8.Taizhou Polytech Coll, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

9.GuoTai Taizhou Ctr Technol Innovat Vet Biol, Taizhou 225300, Peoples R China

10.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med, 50 Zhong ling St, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

关键词： PEDV; Trimeric; Full-length S protein; Subunit vaccines; Protection

期刊名称：VACCINE （ 影响因子：5.5； 五年影响因子：4.3 ）

ISSN： 0264-410X

年卷期： 2024 年 42 卷 4 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused serious economic losses to the pig husbandry worldwide, and the effects of existing commercialized vaccines are suboptimal. Therefore, research to develop an efficacious vaccine for prevention and control of PEDV is essential. In this study, we designed and produced trimerized proteins of full-length PEDV spike (S) protein, S1 subunit, and a tandem of multiple epitopes of S protein using an efficient mammalian expression vector system in HEK 293F cells. The immunogenicity of two commercial adjuvants, M401 and M103, was also evaluated in mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays demonstrated that all immunized mice generated highly systemic PEDV S-specific IgG and IgA antibodies. Mice in S/M103immunized group generated the highest neutralizing antibody titer with 1:96. Compared with control group, the subunit vaccines elicited multifunctional CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells, B220+CD19+ B cells, and CD3-CD49b+ natural killer cells in the spleen. PEDV S/M103 vaccine, which had the best immune effect, was selected for further evaluation in piglets. Immunization with S/M103 vaccine induced high levels of S-specific IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies, and increased the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the expression levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 in peripheral blood of piglets. Virus challenge test results showed significantly lower diarrheal index scores and fecal viral loads, and less pathological damage to the intestines in S/M103-immunized piglets than in controls, indicating that S/M103 provides good protection against the virulent virus challenge. Our findings suggest that trimeric PEDV S/M103 has potential as a clinical vaccine candidate.

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