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Attenuation of a Highly Pathogenic Porcine Deltacoronavirus Strain CZ2020 by a Serial Passage In Vitro

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： He, Wenlong 1 ; Peng, Qi 2 ; Li, Jizong 4 ; Huang, Jin 4 ; Cai, Xuhang 4 ; Li, Siyuan 4 ; Zhang, Baotai 7 ; Xiao, Li 7 ; Gao, Jie 4 ; Wang, Chuanhong 4 ; Qian, Jiali 4 ; Gu, Laqiang 1 ; Wang, Rui 4 ; Tang, Xuechao 4 ; Li, Kemang 4 ; Song, Xu 1 ; Zhou, Jinzhu 4 ; Zhu, Mingjun 4 ; Li, Bin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Hebei Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Baoding 071001, Peoples R China

2.Nanchang City Key Lab Anim Virus & Genet Engn, Nanchang 330045, Peoples R China

3.Jiangxi Agr Univ, Coll Biosci & Engn, Nanchang 330045, Peoples R China

4.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med, Key Lab Vet Biol Engn & Technol, Minist Agr, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

5.Minist Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Food Qual, Safety State Key Lab Cultivat Base, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

6.Yangzhou Univ, Jiangsu Coinnovat Ctr Prevent & Control Important, Jiangsu Key Lab Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, Peoples R China

7.Guizhou Univ, Coll Vet Med, Guiyang 550025, Peoples R China

期刊名称：TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES （ 影响因子：4.3； 五年影响因子：4.3 ）

ISSN： 1865-1674

年卷期： 2023 年 2023 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine coronavirus that causes severe diarrhea to pigs of all ages, especially the suckling piglets under one-week-old. We previously isolated a highly pathogenic PDCoV strain, CZ2020, from a diarrheal piglet and have passaged it for over 100 passages. The adaptability of the CZ2020 increased gradually in vitro as the passage increased. Amino acid mutations were observed in pp1a, pp1ab, spike, envelop, and membrane proteins, and the spike protein accounts for 66.7% of all amino acid mutations. Then, the high passage strains, CZ2020-F80 and CZ2020-F100, were selected for evaluation of the pathogenicity in three-day-old piglets to examine whether these amino acid changes affected their virulence. At 2 days postchallenge (DPC), 2/5 piglets started to show typical diarrhea, and at 4 DPC, severe diarrhea was observed in the CZ2020-challenged piglets. Viral RNA could be detected at 1 DPC in rectal swabs and reached its highest at 4 DPC in the CZ2020-challenged group. CZ2020-F80- and CZ2020-F100-challenged groups have one piglet exhibiting mild diarrhea at 4 and 6 DPC, respectively. Compared with the CZ2020-challenged group, the piglets in CZ2020-F80- and F100-challenged groups had lower viral loads in rectal swabs, intestines, and other organs. No obvious histopathological lesions were observed in the intestines of CZ2020-F80- and F100-challenged piglets. Virulent PDCoV infection could also induce strong interferons and proinflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that the strains, CZ2020-F80 and CZ2020-F100, were significantly attenuated via serial passaging in vitro and have the potential for developing attenuated vaccine candidates.

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