文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yan, Min ¹ ; Wang, Wen ² ; Jin, Lei ¹ ; Deng, Guoyou ¹ ; Han, Xinfeng ³ ; Yu, Xiumei ¹ ; Tang, Junni ⁴ ; Han, Xiangan ⁵ ; Ma, Menggen ¹ ; Ji, Lin ¹ ; Zhao, Ke ¹ ; Zou, Likou ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Resources, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China

2.Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agroprod Safety & Nutr, State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual &, MOA Lab Qual & Safety Risk Assessment Agroprod Han, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China

3.Sichuan Agr Univ, Coll Vet Sci, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, Peoples R China

4.Southwest Minzu Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China

5.Chinese Acad Agr Sci CAAS, Shanghai Vet Res Inst, Shanghai 200241, Peoples R China

关键词： Spore-forming bacteria; Resistance; Vancomycin; Manure; Soil

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：8.4； 五年影响因子：8.6 ）

ISSN： 0301-4797

年卷期： 2024 年 371 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Spore-forming bacteria (SFB), like Bacillus, are the gram-positive bacteria with broad-spectrum activity that is one of the commonly used strains of probiotics. However, these bacteria also have significant resistance. In this study, we systematically investigated pig manure, manure slurry and soil by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and traditional culture techniques. We found the SFB was widespread in manure, manure slurry and soil, Firmicutes was one of the main dominant phyla in pig manure, manure slurry and soil, the relative abundance of Bacillus were 0.98%, 0.01%, and 2.57%, respectively, and metals such as copper have complex relationships with bacteria. We isolated 504 SFB from 369 samples, with the highest number identified as Bacillus subtilis. SFB strains showed varying degrees of antibiotic resistance; the greatest against erythromycin, followed by imipenem. The MICs of SFB varied greatly against different heavy metals; with high (est) resistance against Zn2+, followed by Cu2+. Second-generation whole genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that nine Bacillus strains carried different subtypes of vancomycin resistance genes, among which vanRM had the highest frequency. The strain W129 included the vanRA-vanRM-vanSA-vanZF cluster. The nine Bacillus strains also contained antibiotic genes such as aminoglycoside ( ant(9)-Ia ), beta-lactam (bcII), and macrolide (msrE). Twenty-six Bacillus isolates carried copper resistance clusters, including csoR-copZ, copA-copZ-csoR, and copZ-copA. WGS showed that strain W166 carried 11 vancomycin resistance genes and 11 copper resistance genes. There were 4 vancomycin resistance genes and 14 copper resistance genes on the W129 chromosome. Strain W129 also harbors the plasmid pLKYM01 that contains an intact transposon consisting of insertion sequence and vancomycin resistance genes vanYF and vanRA. This study explores the potential risks of using pig manure and fertilized soil to inform safe and effective use of probiotics in agriculture. It highlights scientific evidence for concern over the safe utilization and control of animal waste products.