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Revitalizing maize growth and yield in water-limited environments through silicon and zinc foliar applications

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Lamlom, Sobhi F. 1 ; Abdelghany, Ahmed M. 2 ; Ren, Honglei 3 ; Ali, Hayssam M. 4 ; Usman, Muhammad 5 ; Shaghaleh, Hiba 6 ; Hamoud, Yousef Alhaj 7 ; El-Sorady, Gawhara A. 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Alexandria Univ, Fac Agr Saba Basha, Plant Prod Dept, Alexandria 21531, Egypt

2.Damanhour Univ, Fac Agr, Crop Sci Dept, Damanhour 22516, Egypt

3.Soybean Res Inst, Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

4.King Saud Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

5.Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Punjab 38000, Pakistan

6.Hohai Univ, Coll Environm, Key Lab Integrated Regulat & Resource Dev Shallow, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China

7.Hohai Univ, Natl Key Lab Water Disaster Prevent, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China

8.Hohai Univ, Coll Hydrol & Water Resources, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China

关键词： Drought stress; Growth attributes; Physiological traits; Silicon; Zinc; Zea mays

期刊名称：HELIYON （ 影响因子：3.4； 五年影响因子：3.9 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 10 卷 15 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Maize is an economically vital cereal crop. However, water deficiency can severely impact its productivity. Thus, it is necessary to implement an essential approach to increase maize yield while navigating the limitations imposed by scarce water supplies. The present study aimed to investigate whether foliar applications of silicon (Si) and zinc (Zn) could mitigate the adverse effects of water deficiency and improve maize growth and yield. Field experiments were conducted in Egypt during two growing seasons (2021-2022) under three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (ET0), moderate stress (ET1), and severe stress (ET2). The treatments comprised foliar sprays of Si, Zn, Si + Zn, and water control. Phenological, growth, physiological, chemical, and yield-related traits were assessed. Results showed that adequate irrigation (ET0) enhanced most parameters compared to water stress treatments. Under ET0, the combined silicon and zinc treatment resulted in the highest values for plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll content, grains per ear, kernel weight, ear size, and yield compared to other foliar treatments. Under drought stress (ET1, ET2), Si + Zn applications maintained superiority in mitigating yield losses. Proline accumulation was highest under severe stress (ET2) in the absence of foliar sprays, indicating greater drought impacts. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations of grain yield with ear size, leaf area, kernel weight, and biological yield. Cluster analysis separated irrigation regimes and visualized the consistently beneficial effects of Si + Zn across all water levels. Overall, the results demonstrate the synergistic potential of Si and Zn supplementation to sustain maize performance and yields under varying water availability.

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