Effects of Dietary Koumine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Microbiota, and Intestinal Transcriptional Responses of Cyprinus carpio
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Wang, Qiujie 1 ; Wang, Dongjie 1 ; Zuo, Zhiheng 1 ; Ye, Bin 1 ; Dong, Zaijie 2 ; Zou, Jixing 1 ;
作者机构： 1.South China Agr Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Freshwater Fisheries Res Ctr, Key Lab Freshwater Fisheries & Germplasm Resource, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Wuxi 214081, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
关键词： herbal extract; biochemical index; cellular regulation; proliferation; apoptosis
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES （ 影响因子：6.208； 五年影响因子：6.628 ）
ISSN：
年卷期： 2022 年 23 卷 19 期
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Gelsemium elegans Benth. (GEB) is a traditional medicinal plant in China, and acts as a growth promoter in pigs and goats. Koumine (KM) is the most abundant alkaloid in GEB and produces analgesic, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory effects. KM can be used as an aquatic immune stimulant, but its growth-promoting effects and transcriptional mechanisms have not been investigated. Diets containing KM at 0, 0.2, 2, and 20 mg/kg were fed to Cyprinus carpio for 71 days to investigate its effects on growth performance, intestinal morphology, microflora, biochemical indicators, and transcriptional mechanisms. Cyprinus carpio fed with KM as the growth promoter, and the number of intestinal crypts and intestinal microbial populations were influenced by KM concentration. KM increased the abundance of colonies of Afipia, Phyllobacterium, Mesorhizobium, and Labrys, which were associated with compound decomposition and proliferation, and decreased the abundance of colonies of pathogenic bacteria Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum. A total of 376 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) among the four experimental groups were enriched for transforming growth factor-beta 1 and small mother against decapentaplegic (TGF-beta 1/Smad), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and janus kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak/Stat) signaling pathways. In particular, tgfbr1, acvr1l, rreb-1, stat5b, smad4, cbp, and c-fos were up-regulated and positively correlated with KM dose. KM had a growth-promoting effect that was related to cell proliferation driven by the TGF-beta 1/Smad, MAPK, and Jak/Stat signaling pathways. KM at 0.2 mg/kg optimized the growth performance of C. carpio, while higher concentrations of KM (2 and 20 mg/kg) may induce apoptosis without significantly damaging the fish intestinal structure. Therefore, KM at low concentration has great potential for development as an aquatic growth promotion additive.
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