文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Jianhai ¹ ; Jakovlic, Ivan ⁴ ; Sablin, Mikhail ⁷ ; Xia, Shengqian ² ; Xu, Zhixiang ¹ ; Guo, Yapin ¹ ; Kuang, Renzuo ¹ ; Zhong, Jie ⁸ ; Jia, Yangying ² ; Tran, Nhien Thuy Thi ⁹ ; Yang, Hao ¹¹ ; Ma, Hong ¹² ; Sprem, Nikica ¹³ ; Han, Jianlin ¹⁴ ; Liu, Di ¹² ; Zhao, Yunxia ¹ ; Zhao, Shuhong ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Key Lab Agr Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

2.Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, 1101 E 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA

3.Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Inst Syst Genet, Frontiers Sci Ctr Dis Related Mol Network, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, Peoples R China

4.Lanzhou Univ, State Key Lab Grassland Agroecosyst, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China

5.Lanzhou Univ, Coll Ecol, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China

6.Biotransduct Lab, Wuhan, Peoples R China

7.Russian Acad Sci, Zool Inst, Univ Skaya Nab 1, St Petersburg 199034, Russia

8.Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, Inst Rare Dis, Chengdu 610000, Peoples R China

9.Natl Inst Anim Sci, Hanoi, Vietnam

10.Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Key Lab Agr Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Minist Educ, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

11.Sichuan Univ, West China Hosp, West China Washington Mitochondria & Metab Res Ctr, Regenerat Med Res Ctr,Key Lab Transplant Engn & Im, 88 Keyuan South Rd, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China

12.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Haerbin, Peoples R China

13.Univ Zagreb, Fac Agr, Dept Fisheries Apiculture Wildlife Management & Sp, Zagreb, Croatia

14.Yazhouwan Natl Lab, Sanya 572024, Hainan, Peoples R China

期刊名称：GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION （ 影响因子：3.1； 五年影响因子：4.2 ）

ISSN： 0999-193X

年卷期： 2025 年 57 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： BackgroundDomestic piglets often die of hypothermia, whereas Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) thrives from tropical lowlands to subarctic forests. The thermoregulation of wild boar offers a natural experiment to uncover the genetic basis of cold adaptation.MethodsWe conducted whole-genome resequencing on wild populations from cold regions (northern and northeastern Asia, with six samples) and warm regions (southeastern Asia and southern China, with five samples). By integrating publicly available data, we compiled a core dataset of 48 wild boar samples and an extended dataset of 445 wild boar and domestic pig samples to identify candidate genes related to cold adaptation. To investigate the functional effects of two candidate variants under positive selection, we performed CUT&Tag and RNA-seq using the northeastern Asian Min pig breed as a proxy for a cold-adapted population.ResultsOur study identified candidate genes associated with cold adaptation, which are significantly enriched in thermogenesis, fat cell development, and adipose tissue pathways. We discovered two enhancer variants under positive selection: an intronic variant of IGF1R (rs341219502) and an exonic variant of BRD4 (rs327139795). These variants exhibited the highest differentiation between populations of wild boar and domestic pigs in cold and warm region populations. Furthermore, these rare variants were absent in outgroup species and warm-region wild boars but were nearly fixed in cold-region populations. The H3K27ac CUT&Tag profiling revealed that the rs341219502 variant of IGF1R is linked to the gain of novel binding sites for three transcription factors involving regulatory changes in enhancer function. In contrast, the rs327139795 variant of BRD4 may result in the loss of a phosphorylation site due to an alteration in the amino acid sequence.ConclusionOur study identified candidate genes for cold adaptation in wild boar. The variant rs341219502 in the IGF1R enhancer and the variant rs327139795 in the BRD4 exon, both of which were under positive selection and nearly fixed in populations from cold regions, suggest they may have originated de novo in these populations. Further analysis indicated that rs341219502 could influence enhancer function, while rs327139795 may affect amino acid alterations. Overall, our study highlights the adaptive evolution of genomic molecules that contribute to the remarkable environmental flexibility of wild boar.