文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Sun, Hailiang ¹ ; Liu, Hanlin ¹ ; Zhang, Jianfeng ³ ; Qu, Xiaoyun ¹ ; Pang, Zifeng ¹ ; Xu, Fengxiang ¹ ; Wu, Changrong ¹ ; Jiang, Yinglin ¹ ; Shi, Mang ³ ; Liu, Quan ⁶ ; Liao, Ming ⁴ ;

作者机构： 1.South China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

2.Natl & Reg Joint Engn Lab Medicament Zoonosis Prev, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

3.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Hlth, State Key Lab Swine & Poultry Breeding Ind, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

4.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Prevent & Control Avian Influenza & Other, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

5.Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun Studies, Sch Med, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, Peoples R China

6.Guangdong Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Guangdong Key Lab Anim Conservat & Resource Utiliz, Guangdong Publ Lab Wild Anim Conservat & Utilizat, Guangzhou 510260, Peoples R China

7.First Hosp Jilin Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Key Lab Organ Regenerat & Transplantat, Minist Educ, Changchun, Peoples R China

8.First Hosp Jilin Univ, Ctr Infect Dis & Pathogen Biol, Key Lab Organ Regenerat & Transplantat, Minist Educ, Changchun, Peoples R China

期刊名称：LANCET MICROBE （ 影响因子：20.4； 五年影响因子：19.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 6 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background Pigs are recognised as crucial intermediate hosts for the emergence of influenza viruses of pandemic potential. As the largest pork-producing nation, China hosts a complex ecosystem of swine influenza viruses (SIVs). We aimed to investigate the evolutionary processes, spatiotemporal dynamics, and biological characteristics of SIVs in China. Methods From Jan 15, 2016, to Dec 22, 2020, we collected nasal swabs from pigs at eight abattoirs and 16 swine farms in the Guangdong, Henan, and Shandong provinces of China, as part of SIV surveillance. SIVs were detected with RT-PCR. Positive samples underwent viral isolation and genome sequencing. We analysed evolution and spatiotemporal dynamics using the whole genomes of isolated SIVs, as well as genome sequences of SIV isolates from human infections worldwide retrieved from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data and GenBank Flu databases up to April 28, 2024. Viral sequences without a sample collection area or date were excluded from the analysis. Viral receptor-binding properties and in-vitro replication of strains isolated in this study were evaluated with a solid-phase binding assay and various cell lines, including Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, porcine alveolar macrophages, primary porcine trachea epithelial cells, human bronchial epithelioid, and human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial (A549) cells. Viral replication and transmission studies were conducted in 33 guinea pigs and 13 pigs. Additionally, we collected serum samples from pig farm workers and members of the general public recruited by the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between Feb 28 and May 11, 2023, to detect specific antibodies against Eurasian avian-like A(H1) and human-like A(H3N2) SIVs using the haemagglutination inhibition assay. Findings 23 (1.3%) of 1818 nasal swabs collected in abattoirs had SIVs; 22 (0.9%) of 2375 swabs from swine farms had SIVs. Further viral isolation yielded 39 strains of SIV. We identified 534 A(H1N1), 69 A(H1N2), and 92 A(H3N2) SIVs, representing 20 genotypes within the Eurasian avian-like lineage, 14 within the classical swine A(H1) lineage, and 16 within the human-like A(H3N2) lineage. The introduction of the A(H1N1)pdm/09 virus significantly influenced the internal gene pool of SIVs, enhancing genotypic diversity in China. Notably, the Eurasian avian-like A(H1), classical swine A(H1), and human-like A(H3N2) lineages showed human-mediated spread over long distances between provinces, with the Eurasian avian-like A(H1) lineage showing the most prevalent spread pathways. Eurasian avian-like A(H1) SIVs showed a preference for binding to sialic acid alpha-2,6 glycan receptors, predominantly found in humans, resulting in an increased production of progeny viruses in human airway epithelial cells, as well as effective transmission and infectivity among guinea pigs and pigs. Among 54 eligible serum samples collected from pig farm workers (24 from slaughterhouses and 30 from swine farms), 23 (43%) were seropositive for Eurasian avian-like A(H1) SIVs and 46 (85%) for human-like A(H3N2) SIVs. Among 100 eligible samples from members of the general public, 14 (14%) were seropositive for Eurasian avian-like A(H1) SIVs and 85 (85%) for human-like A(H3N2) SIVs. Interpretation This study elucidates the evolutionary processes and spatiotemporal patterns of SIVs, highlighting potential risks to public health. These findings are crucial for informing public health interventions that aim to prevent future SIV epidemics in China and other countries worldwide. Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).