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Phytoremediation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contaminated soils using alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.): A comprehensive review

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Li 1 ; Beiyuan, Jingzi 4 ; Hu, Weifang 4 ; Zhang, Zhiqing 3 ; Duan, Chenjiao 3 ; Cui, Qingliang 3 ; Zhu, Xiaozhen 2 ; He, Haoran 2 ; Huang, Xuguang 1 ; Fang, Linchuan 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Minnan Normal Univ, Coll Chem Chem Engn & Environm, Zhangzhou 363000, Peoples R China

2.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Nat Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China; Foshan Univ, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Foshan, Guangdong, Peoples R China

4.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Guangzhou 510000, Peoples R China

5.CAS Ctr Excellence Quaternary Sci & Global Change, Xian 710061, Peoples R China

6.MWR, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China

关键词： Alfalfa; Potential toxic elements; Accumulation; Tolerance mechanisms; Phytoremediation; Improving strategies

期刊名称：CHEMOSPHERE （ 影响因子：8.943； 五年影响因子：8.52 ）

ISSN： 0045-6535

年卷期： 2022 年 293 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is an increasing environmental problem, posing serious threats to the living organisms. Phytoremediation is a sustainable and highly accepted technology for remedi-ation of PTE-contaminated soils. Alfalfa has been widely adopted for the phytoremediation of PTE-contaminated soils due to its large biomass productivity, high PTE tolerance, and strong capacity to take up PTEs. However, there are still no literature reviews systematically summarized the potential of alfalfa in the phytoremediation. Therefore, we review the available literatures that present its PTE uptake, phytotoxicity, tolerance mechanisms, and aided techniques improving the phytoremediation efficiency. In this review, alfalfa shows high amounts of PTEs accumulation, especially in their root tissue. Meanwhile, the inner mechanisms of PTE tolerance and accumulation in alfalfa are discussed including: (i) the activation of antioxidant enzyme system, (ii) subcellular localization, (iii) production of glutathione, phytochelatins, and proline, and (iv) regulation of gene expression. Indeed, excessive PTE can overcome the defense system, which causes oxidative damage in alfalfa plants, thereby inhibiting growth and physiological processes and weakening the ability of PTE uptake. Till now, several ap-proaches have been developed to improve the tolerance and/or accumulation of PTE in alfalfa plants as follows: (i) selection of PTE tolerant cultivars, (ii) applying plant growth regulators, (iii) addition of chelating agents, fertilizer, and biochar materials, and (iv) inoculation of soil microbes. Finally, we indicate that the selection of PTE-tolerant cultivars along with inoculation of soil microbes may be an efficient and eco-friendly strategy of the soil PTE phytoremediation.

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