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The genetic mechanism of heterosis utilization in maize improvement

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xiao, Yingjie 1 ; Jiang, Shuqin 2 ; Cheng, Qian 3 ; Wang, Xiaqing 1 ; Yan, Jun 2 ; Zhang, Ruyang 4 ; Qiao, Feng 1 ; Ma, C 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

2.China Agr Univ, Coll Agron & Biotechnol, Natl Maize Improvement Ctr, Dept Crop Genom & Bioinformat, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

3.Northwest A&F Univ, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Maize Arid Area, Minist Agr, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

4.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Beijing Key Lab Maize DNA Fingerprinting & Mol Br, Beijing 100097, Peoples R China

5.Hebei Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci, Baoding 071001, Peoples R China

6.USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA

7.Hubei Hongshan Lab, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China

关键词： Maize; Heterosis; Genomic selection; Floral transition; Molecular design breeding

期刊名称：GENOME BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：13.583； 五年影响因子：17.433 ）

ISSN： 1474-760X

年卷期： 2021 年 22 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Background In maize hybrid breeding, complementary pools of parental lines with reshuffled genetic variants are established for superior hybrid performance. To comprehensively decipher the genetics of heterosis, we present a new design of multiple linked F1 populations with 42,840 F1 maize hybrids, generated by crossing a synthetic population of 1428 maternal lines with 30 elite testers from diverse genetic backgrounds and phenotyped for agronomic traits. Results We show that, although yield heterosis is correlated with the widespread, minor-effect epistatic QTLs, it may be resulted from a few major-effect additive and dominant QTLs in early developmental stages. Floral transition is probably one critical stage for heterosis formation, in which epistatic QTLs are activated by paternal contributions of alleles that counteract the recessive, deleterious maternal alleles. These deleterious alleles, while rare, epistatically repress other favorable QTLs. We demonstrate this with one example, showing that Brachytic2 represses the Ubiquitin3 locus in the maternal lines; in hybrids, the paternal allele alleviates this repression, which in turn recovers the height of the plant and enhances the weight of the ear. Finally, we propose a molecular design breeding by manipulating key genes underlying the transition from vegetative-to-reproductive growth. Conclusion The new population design is used to dissect the genetic basis of heterosis which accelerates maize molecular design breeding by diminishing deleterious epistatic interactions.

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