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Distortion of frontal bones results from cell apoptosis by the mechanical force from the up- migrating eye during metamorphosis in Paralichthys olivaceus

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Sun, Mingyan 1 ; Wei, Fen 1 ; Li, Hui 1 ; Xu, Juan 1 ; Chen, Xinye 1 ; Gong, Xiaoling 1 ; Tian, Yongsheng 2 ; Chen, Songl 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shanghai Ocean Univ, Key Lab Explorat & Utilizat Aquat Genet Resources, Minist Educ, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yellow Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Key Lab Sustainable Dev Marine Fisheries, Minist Agr, Qingdao, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yellow Sea Fisheries Res Ins

关键词： Flatfish;Frontal bones;Cell apoptosis;Mechanical force;Eye migration;Metamorphosis

期刊名称：MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT （ 影响因子：1.882； 五年影响因子：2.414 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Craniofacial remodeling during flatfish metamorphosis, including eye migration, is perhaps the most striking example of asymmetric postembryonic development in the vertebrate world. The asymmetry of the cranium mainly results from distortion of the frontal bones, which depends on eye migration during metamorphosis. However, it is unclear how the upmigrating eye causes distortion of the frontal bones. In this study, we first show that distortion of the frontal bones during metamorphosis in Paralichthys olivaceus is the result of cell apoptosis, rather than cell autophagy or cell proliferation. Secondly, we report that cell apoptosis in the frontal bones is induced by the mechanical force transferred from the up-migrating eye. The mechanical force from the up-migrating eye signals through FAK to downstream molecules that are integrated into the BMP-2 signal pathway. Finally, it is shown that cell apoptosis in the frontal bones is activated by the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway; the extrinsic death receptor is not involved in this process. Moreover, cell apoptosis in frontal bones is not induced directly by thyroid hormones, which are thought to mediate metamorphosis in flatfishes and directly mediate cell apoptosis during amphibian metamorphosis. These findings help identify the major signaling route used during regulation of frontal bone distortion during metamorphosis in flatfish, and indicate that the asymmetry of the cranium, or at least the distortion of frontal bones, is the result of rather than the reason underlying eye migration. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

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