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Plastid DNA insertions in plant nuclear genomes: the sites, abundance and ages, and a predicted promoter analysis

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Hongyu 1 ; Yu, Ying 2 ; Chen, Xiuling 3 ; Zhang, Zhenzhu 1 ; Gong, Chao 1 ; Li, Jingfu 3 ; Wang, Aoxue 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Northeast Agr Univ, Heilongjiang Prov Key Univ Lab Agr Funct Genes, Coll Life Sci, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China

2.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Ind Crops, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

3.Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Hort, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China

关键词： Plastid DNA;Genome;Promoter;Plant

期刊名称：FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS （ 影响因子：3.41； 五年影响因子：3.616 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： The transfer of plastid DNA sequences into plant nuclear genomes plays an important role in the genomic evolution of plants. The abundance of nuclear-localized plastid DNA (nupDNA) correlates positively with nuclear genome size, but the genetic content of nupDNA remains unknown. In this mini review, we analyzed the number of nuclear-localized plastid gene fragments in known plant genomic data. Our analysis suggests that nupDNAs are abundant in plant nuclear genomes and can include multiple complete copies of protein-coding plastid genes. Mutated nuclear copies of plastid genes contained synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions. We estimated the age of the nupDNAs based on the time when each integration occurred, which was calculated by comparing the nucleotide substitution rates of the nupDNAs and their respective plastid genes. These data suggest that there are two distinct age distribution patterns for nupDNAs in plants, and Oryza sativa and Zea mays were found to contain a very high proportion of young nupDNAs. Expressed sequence tags and predicted promoters of nupDNAs were identified, revealing that certain nuclear-localized plastid genes may be functional and that some have undergone positive natural selection pressure.

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