文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhu, Xiang-Wei ¹ ; Ge, Hui-Lin ² ; Cao, Yu-Bin ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Qingdao Agr Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Qingdao Engn Res Ctr Rural Environm, Qingdao 266109, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Trop Agr Sci, Anal & Testing Ctr, Hainan Prov Key Lab Qual & Safety Trop Fruits & V, Haikou 571101, Hainan, Peoples R China

关键词： Mixture toxicity;Concentration addition;Independent action;Uniform design;MCF-7

期刊名称：CHEMOSPHERE （ 影响因子：7.086； 五年影响因子：6.956 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used as extractants for heavy metals. However, the effect of mixtures of ILs and heavy metals is rarely understood. In this study, we tested the cytotoxicity of four ILs, four heavy metals and their mixtures on human MCF-7 cells in 96-well microplates. The toxicity of single compounds in MCF-7 cells ranges from 3.07 x 10(-6) M for Cu(II) to 2.20 x 10(-3) M for 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. The toxicity of heavy metals in MCF-7 is generally higher than the toxicity of ILs. A uniform experimental design was used to simulate environmentally realistic mixtures. Two classical reference models (concentration addition and independent action) were used to predict their mixture. The experiments to evaluate the toxicity of the mixture revealed antagonism among four ILs and four heavy metals in MCF-7 cells. Pearson correlation analysis showed that Ni(II) and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride are positively correlated with the extent of antagonism, while 1-hexy1-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate showed a negative correlation. Data analysis was conducted in the R package mixtox, which integrates features such as curve fitting, experimental design, and mixture toxicity prediction. The international community of toxicologists is welcome to use this package and provide feedback as suggestions and comments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.