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Biochar increases arsenic release from an anaerobic paddy soil due to enhanced microbial reduction of iron and arsenic

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Ning 1 ; Xue, Xi-Mei 2 ; Juhasz, Albert L. 3 ; Chang, Zhi-Zhou 1 ; Li, Hong-Bo 4 ;

作者机构： 1.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Environm, Lab Agr Wastes Treatment & Recycling, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Urban Environm, Key Lab Urban Environm & Hlth, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, Peoples R China

3.Univ South Australia, Future Ind Inst, Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia

4.Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

关键词： Biochar;Arsenic release;Paddy soil;Arsenic functional gene;Fe-reducing bacteria

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION （ 影响因子：8.071； 五年影响因子：8.35 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Previous studies have shown that biochar enhances microbial reduction of iron (Fe) oxyhydroxide under anaerobic incubation. However, there is a lack of data on its influence on arsenic (As) release from As contaminated paddy soils. In this study, paddy soil slurries (120 mg As kg(-1)) were incubated under anaerobic conditions for 60 days with and without the addition of biochar (3%, w/w) prepared from rice straw at 500 degrees C. Arsenic release, Fe reduction, and As fractionation were determined at 1, 10, 20, 30, and 60 d, while Illumina sequencing and real-time PCR were used to characterize changes in soil microbial community structure and As transformation function genes. During the first month of incubation, As released into soil solution increased sharply from 27.9 and 55.9 to 486 and 630 mu g kg(-1) in unamended and biochar amended slurries, with inorganic trivalent As (As-III) being the dominant specie (52.7-91.0% of total As). Compared to unamended slurries, biochar addition increased As and ferrous ion (Fe2+) concentrations in soil solution but decreased soil As concentration in the amorphous Fe/Al oxide fraction (F3). Difference in released As between biochar and unamended treatments (Delta As) increased with incubation time, showing strong linear relationships (R-2 = 0.23-0.33) with Delta Fe2+ and Delta F3, confirming increased As release due to enhanced Fe reduction. Biochar addition increased the abundance of Fe reducing bacteria such as Clostridum (273% vs. 22.7%), Bacillus (334% vs. 2.39%), and Caloramator (4.46% vs. 3.88%). In addition, copy numbers in biochar amended slurries of respiratory As reducing (arrA) and detoxifying reducing genes (arsC) increased 19.0 and 1.70 fold, suggesting microbial reduction of pentavalent As (As-V) adsorbed on Fe oxides to A(III), further contributing to increased As release. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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