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Cell Attachment Domains of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Spike Protein Are Key Targets of Neutralizing Antibodies

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Chunhua 1 ; Li, Wentao 2 ; de Esesarte, Eduardo Lucio 2 ; Guo, Hongbo 2 ; van den Elzen, Paul 3 ; Aarts, Eduard 3 ;

作者机构： 1.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China

2.Univ Utrecht, Virol Div, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, Fac Vet Med, Utrecht, Netherlands

3.MSD Anim Hlth, Boxmeer, Netherlands

关键词： PEDV;coronavirus;monoclonal antibodies;spike protein;virus neutralization

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY （ 影响因子：5.103； 五年影响因子：5.078 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes enteric disease in pigs, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Current vaccination approaches against this emerging coronavirus are only partially effective, though natural infection protects pigs against reinfection and provides lactogenic immunity to suckling piglets. The viral spike (S) glycoprotein, responsible for receptor binding and cell entry, is the major target for neutralizing antibodies. However, knowledge of antibody epitopes, their nature and location in the spike structure, and the mechanisms by which the antibodies interfere with infection is scarce. Here we describe the generation and characterization of 10 neutralizing and nonneutralizing mouse monoclonal antibodies raised against the S1 receptor binding subunit of the S protein. By expression of different S1 protein fragments, six antibody epitope classes distributed over the five structural domains of the S1 subunit were identified. Characterization of antibodies for cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization revealed antigenic differences among PEDV strains. The epitopes of potent neutralizing antibodies segregated into two epitope classes and mapped within the N-terminal sialic acid binding domain and in the more C-terminal receptor binding domain. Antibody neutralization escape mutants displayed single amino acid substitutions that impaired antibody binding and neutralization and defined the locations of the epitopes. Our observations picture the antibody epitope landscape of the PEDV S1 subunit and reveal that its cell attachment domains are key targets of neutralizing antibodies.

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