文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Zhang, Baige 1 ; Li, Qiang 3 ; Cao, Jian 1 ; Zhang, Changyuan 1 ; Song, Zhao 1 ; Zhang, Fusuo 2 ; Chen, Xinping 2 ;
作者机构： 1.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Vegetable Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China
2.China Agr Univ, Ctr Resources Environm & Food Secur, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
3.Foshan Res Inst Agr Sci, Guangzhou 528145, Guangdong, Peoples R China
关键词： N leaching;Tropic/subtropics;Intensive vegetable field;Systematic approach;Nitrification inhibitor;N form
期刊名称：AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：5.567； 五年影响因子：6.064 ）
ISSN：
年卷期：
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Nitrogen (N) leaching is considered a substantial problem in South China vegetable production because of the heavy rainfall and the excessive application of N fertilizer, but quantitative data and effective countermeasures are lacking. A systematic approach to reducing N leaching while maintaining or increasing vegetable yields is urgently needed. A 2-year field study was conducted to quantify N leaching in a subtropical vegetable system (bitter gourd, Momordica charantia L) in South China and to evaluate how leaching is affected by the following three N management strategies: zero N application (Nno, 0 kg N ha(-1)), conventional N management (Ncon, 377 kg N ha(-1), with NH4+), and optimized N management (Nopt, 300 kg N ha(-1), with a combination of NH4+ and NO3- at a reduced rate plus nitrapyrin, a nitrification inhibitor). Lysimeter data indicated that 139 kg N ha(-1) per growing season was lost by leaching with Ncon, this represented 36% of the N applied. With Nopt, leaching was reduced by 27.1%, and yield was increased by 25.1%. A combination of NH4+ and NO3- plus nitrapyrin at a reduced rate increased plant N uptake, maintained a high NH4+/NO3- ratio in the soil, and thereby reduced leaching. The alternative N management strategy exemplifies a new way to achieve high yields with low environmental costs in intensive vegetable production systems. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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