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Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of bovine coronavirus in Northeast China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhu, Qinghe 1 ; Su, Mingjun 1 ; Li, Zijian 1 ; Wang, Xiaoran 1 ; Qi, Shanshan 1 ; Zhao, Feiyu 1 ; Li, Lu 1 ; Guo, Donghua 1 ; Feng, Li 3 ; Li, Bin 4 ; Sun, Dongbo 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Lab Prevent & Control Bovine Dis, 5 Xinfeng Rd, Sartu Dist 163319, Daqing, Peoples R China

2.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Branch Anim Husb & Vet, Qiqihar 161000, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Harbin Vet Res Inst, State Key Lab Vet Biotechnol, Harbin 150069, Peoples R China

4.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Inst Vet Med, Key Lab Vet Biol Engn & Technol, Minist Agr, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China

关键词： Bovine coronavirus; Genetic diversity; Mutation; Recombination; Spike gene

期刊名称：VIRUS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.286； 五年影响因子：4.486 ）

ISSN： 0168-1702

年卷期： 2022 年 308 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In 2020, to trace the prevalence and evolution of bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in China, a total of 1383 samples (1016 fecal samples and 367 nasal swab samples) were collected from 1016 cattle exhibiting diarrhea symptoms on dairy farms and beef cattle farms in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. All samples were subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of the BCoV N gene, followed by an analysis of its epidemiology and genetic evolution. The results indicated that of the 1016 diarrhea-affected cattle, 15.45% (157/1016) were positive for BCoV, in which positive rates of the fecal and nasal swab samples were 12.20% (124/1016) and 21.53% (79/367), respectively. Of the 367 cattle whose nasal swab samples were collected, the BCoV positive rate of the corresponding fecal samples was 15.26% (56/367). BCoV infection was significantly associated with age, farming pattern, cattle type, farm latitude, sample type, and clinical symptom (p < 0.05). Of the 203 BCoV-positive samples, 20 spike (S) genes were successfully sequenced. The 20 identified BCoV strains shared nucleotide homologies of 97.7-100.0%, and their N-terminal domain of S1 subunit (S1-NTD: residues 15-298) differed genetically from the reference strains of South Korea and Europe. The 20 identified BCoV strains were clustered in the Asia-North America group (GII group) in the global strain-based phylogenetic tree and formed three clades in the Chinese strain-based phylogenetic tree. The HLJ/HH-10/2020 strain was clustered into the Europe group (GI group) in the S1-NTD-based phylogenetic tree, exhibiting N-146/I, D-148/G, and L-154/F( )mutations that affect the S protein structure. Of the identified BCoV strains, one potential recombination event occurred between the HLJ/HH-20/2020 and HLJ/HH-10/2020 strains, which led to the generation of the recombinant BCV-AKS-01 strain. A selective pressure analysis on the S protein revealed one positively selected site (Asn(509)) among the 20 identified BCoV strains located inside the putative receptor binding domain (residues 326-540). These data provide a greater understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of BCoV in China.

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