文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Xu, Qingbiao 1 ; Qiao, Qinqin 2 ; Gao, Ya 1 ; Hou, Jinxiu 1 ; Hu, Mingyang 1 ; Du, Yufeng 1 ; Zhao, Ke 3 ; Li, Xiang 1 ;
作者机构： 1.Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Wuhan, Peoples R China
2.Fuyang Normal Univ, Coll Informat Engn, Fuyang, Peoples R China
3.Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Sci, Hangzhou, Peoples R China
4.Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Ctr Int Res Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod NCI, Wuhan, Peoples R China
5.Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Agr Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Wuhan, Peoples R China
关键词： gastrointestinal microflora; metabolic diseases; rumen; ruminants; dairy cow; omics
期刊名称：FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION （ 影响因子：6.576； ）
ISSN： 2296-861X
年卷期： 2021 年 8 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Ruminants are mostly herbivorous animals that employ rumen fermentation for the digestion of feed materials, including dairy cows. Ruminants consume plant fibre as their regular diet, but lack the machinery for their digestion. For this reason, ruminants maintain a symbiotic relation with microorganisms that are capable of producing enzymes to degrade plant polymers. Various species of microflora including bacteria, protozoa, fungi, archaea, and bacteriophages are hosted at distinct concentrations for accomplishing complete digestion. The ingested feed is digested at a defined stratum. The polysaccharic plant fibrils are degraded by cellulolytic bacteria, and the substrate formed is acted upon by other bacteria. This sequential degradative mechanism forms the base of complete digestion as well as harvesting energy from the ingested feed. The composition of microbiota readily gets tuned to the changes in the feed habits of the dairy cow. The overall energy production as well as digestion is decided by the intactness of the resident communal flora. Disturbances in the homogeneity gastrointestinal microflora has severe effects on the digestive system and various other organs. This disharmony in communal relationship also causes various metabolic disorders. The dominance of methanogens sometimes lead to bloating, and high sugar feed culminates in ruminal acidosis. Likewise, disruptive microfloral constitution also ignites reticuloperitonitis, ulcers, diarrhoea, etc. The role of symbiotic microflora in the occurrence and progress of a few important metabolic diseases are discussed in this review. Future studies in multiomics provides platform to determine the physiological and phenotypical upgradation of dairy cow for milk production.
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