文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Peng, Kai ¹ ; Jin, Long ² ; Niu, Yan D. ⁴ ; Huang, Qianqian ⁵ ; McAllister, Tim A. ² ; Yang, Hee Eun ² ; Denise, Huber ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feed Sci South China, Guangdong Key Lab Anim Breeding & Nutr, Minist Agr,Inst Anim Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China

2.Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res & Dev Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada

3.China Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China

4.Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Ecosyst & Publ Hlth, Calgary, AB, Canada

5.Yangzhou Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

6.European Bioinformat Inst EMBL EBI, European Mol Biol Lab, Wellcome Genome Campus, C

关键词： bacteria;condensed tannins;fungi;purple prairie clover;silage

期刊名称：APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY （ 影响因子：4.792； 五年影响因子：5.26 ）

ISSN： 0099-2240

年卷期： 2018 年 84 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Purple prairie clover (PPC; Dalea purpurea Vent.) containing 84.5 g/kg dry matter (DM) of condensed tannin (CT) was ensiled without (control) or with polyethylene glycol (PEG) for 76 days, followed by 14 days of aerobic exposure. Changes in fermentation characteristics were determined, and the composition of bacterial and fungal communities were assessed using metagenomic sequencing. The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) that deactivated CT at ensiling increased (P < 0.05 to similar to 0.001) soluble N, nonprotein N, lactic acid, total volatile fatty acids, ammonia N, deoxynivalenol (DON), and ochratoxin A (OTA) but decreased (P < 0.001) pH and water-soluble carbohydrates. The concentrations of DON and OTA increased (P < 0.001) for both silages, with the extent of increase being greater for control than for PEG-treated silage during aerobic exposure. The PEGtreated silage exhibited higher (P < 0.01 to < 0.001) copy numbers of total bacteria, Lactobacillus, yeasts, and fungi than the control. The addition of PEG decreased (P < 0.01) bacterial diversity during both ensiling and aerobic exposure, whereas it increased (P < 0.05) fungal diversity during aerobic exposure. The addition of PEG at ensiling increased (P < 0.05) the abundances of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus species but decreased (P < 0.01) the abundances of Lactococcus and Leuconostoc species. Filamentous fungi were found in the microbiome at ensiling and after aerobic exposure, whereas Bacillus spp. were the dominate bacteria after aerobic exposure. In conclusion, CT decreased protein degradation and improved the aerobic stability of silage. These desirable outcomes likely reflect the ability of PPC CT to inhibit those microorganisms involved in lowering silage quality and in the production of mycotoxins. IMPORTANCE The present study reports the effects of condensed tannins on the complex microbial communities involved in ensiling and aerobic exposure of purple prairie clover. This study documents the ability of condensed tannins to lower mycotoxin production and the associated microbiome. Taxonomic bacterial community profiles were dominated by Lactobacillales after fermentation, with a notable increase in Bacillus spp. as a result of aerobic exposure. It is interesting to observe that condensed tannins decreased bacterial diversity during both ensiling and aerobic exposure but increased fungal diversity during aerobic exposure only. The present study indicates that the effects of condensed tannins on microbial communities lead to reduced lactic acid and total volatile fatty acid production, proteolysis, and mycotoxin concentration in the terminal silage and improved aerobic stability. Condensed tannins could be used as an additive to control unfavorable microbial development and maybe enhanced feed safety.