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Essential roles of the nucleolus during early embryonic development: a regulatory hub for chromatin organization

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Fu, Bo 1 ; Ma, Hong 1 ; Liu, Di 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

2.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Combining Farming & Anim Husb, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

关键词： preimplantation embryo; nucleolus precursor bodies; chromatin organization; Dux; totipotency; somatic cell nuclear transfer

期刊名称：OPEN BIOLOGY （ 影响因子：5.8； 五年影响因子：6.5 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2024 年 14 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： The nucleolus is the most prominent liquid droplet-like membrane-less organelle in mammalian cells. Unlike the nucleolus in terminally differentiated somatic cells, those in totipotent cells, such as murine zygotes or two-cell embryos, have a unique nucleolar structure known as nucleolus precursor bodies (NPBs). Previously, it was widely accepted that NPBs in zygotes are simply passive repositories of materials that will be gradually used to construct a fully functional nucleolus after zygotic genome activation (ZGA). However, recent research studies have challenged this simplistic view and demonstrated that functions of the NPBs go beyond ribosome biogenesis. In this review, we provide a snapshot of the functions of NPBs in zygotes and early two-cell embryos in mice. We propose that these membrane-less organelles function as a regulatory hub for chromatin organization. On the one hand, NPBs provide the structural platform for centric and pericentric chromatin remodelling. On the other hand, the dynamic changes in nucleolar structure control the release of the pioneer factors (i.e. double homeobox (Dux)). It appears that during transition from totipotency to pluripotency, decline of totipotency and initiation of fully functional nucleolus formation are not independent events but are interconnected. Consequently, it is reasonable to hypothesize that dissecting more unknown functions of NPBs may shed more light on the enigmas of early embryonic development and may ultimately provide novel approaches to improve reprogramming efficiency.

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