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Deep Tillage Improves the Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under a Wide-Narrow Row Alternative System in Northeast China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhang, Xiaolong 1 ; Liu, Zhiming 1 ; Shao, Xiwen 2 ; Kong, Yuanyuan 1 ; Lyu, Yanjie 1 ; Wang, Yongjun 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Jilin Acad Agr Sci, Lab Crop Physiol Ecol & Farming Northeast China, Minist Agr, Changchun 130033, Peoples R China

2.Jilin Agr Univ, Coll Agron, Changchun 130118, Peoples R China

关键词： Long-term experimental; Tillage system; N-15 label; Grain yield; Economic benefits

期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PRODUCTION （ 影响因子：2.609； 五年影响因子：2.168 ）

ISSN： 1735-6814

年卷期： 2022 年 16 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Northeast China has faced serious challenges in recent years in terms of both stable food production and sustainable soil use, and suitable soil tillage is an important measure to address these challenges. This study compared four tillage systems with different tillage intensities for spring maize in Northeast China: conventional rototill tillage (CT), plow tillage, (PT), no tillage (NT) and wide-narrow row alternative planting with deep tillage in wide rows (Reduced tillage, RT). To investigate the effects of reducing tillage intensity on stable grain yield, increase in yield and sustainable soil use in Northeast China. The results are described as follows: (1) RT had the highest yield, averaging 36.2% more than CT in 2019-2020. Among the yield constitutive factors, the kernel weight per ear increased significantly, by 16.4% and 36.7% in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Female spike biomass accumulation was significantly higher in the nutritional growth stage and reproductive growth stage of RT plants than in CT plants (76.6% and 27.8% higher, respectively). (2) The N-15 labeling results showed that RT significantly increased N fertilizer utilization by 79.2% and whole plant nitrogen accumulation by 26.8% compared with the CT treatment, with a significant increase by 71.0% in grain nitrogen accumulation. (3) RT machinery costs were 4.9% and 12.9% lower than CT and PT, respectively. In addition, the net profit of RT was 27.2-104.8% higher than CT, PT and NT. The use of RT maintains high grain yields and significantly reduces soil disturbance and saves operational costs, which is one of the important technical ways to protect and utilize black soil in the future in Northeast China. Therefore, RT is recommended for application in spring maize production in Northeast China to achieve tillage reduction, cost savings, yield increasing and economic efficiency.

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