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Long-term biochar addition significantly decreases rice rhizosphere available phosphorus and its release risk to the environment

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Chen, Hao 1 ; Yuan, Jiahui 5 ; Chen, Guanglei 1 ; Zhao, Xu 1 ; Wang, Shenqiang 1 ; Wang, Dengjun 3 ; Wang, Lei 4 ; Wang, Yujun 1 ; Wang, Yu 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Changshu Natl Agroecosyst Observat & Res Stn, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China

2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China

3.Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA

4.Minist Ecol & Environm, Nanjing Inst Environm Sci, Nanjing 210042, Peoples R China

5.Heilongjiang Acad Agr Sci, Heilongjiang Acad Black Soils Conservat & Utiliza, Key Lab Soil Environm & Plant Nutr Heilongjiang P, Harbin 150086, Peoples R China

关键词： Biochar; Rice rhizosphere; Phosphorus availability; DGT; DIFS; SPRRI

期刊名称：BIOCHAR （ 影响因子：11.452； 五年影响因子：11.452 ）

ISSN： 2524-7972

年卷期： 2022 年 4 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Phosphorus (P) availability, diffusion, and resupply processes can be altered by biochar addition in flooded rice rhizosphere, which controls the risk of P release to the environment. However, there are few in-situ investigations of these rhizospheric processes and effects.To explore the effects of biochar addition on soil P availability, high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper), diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), and zymography techniques were used to provide direct evidence in the rice rhizosphere at the sub-millimeter scale. Long-term (9-years) field and greenhouse pot experiments demonstrated that biochar addition notably decreased the soluble/labile P and Fe concentrations in rice rhizosphere (vs. no biochar addition; CK) based on the results of Peeper, DGT, and two-dimensional imaging of labile P fluxes. DGT-induced fluxes in the soil/sediment (DIFS) model and sediment P release risk index (SPRRI) further indicated that biochar addition decreased the diffusion and resupply capacity of P from soil solid to the solution, thereby decreasing P release risk to the environment. These processes were dominated by Fe redox cycling and the hydrolysis of Al (hydro)oxides that greatly increased the unavailable P (Ca-P and residual-P). Additionally, greenhouse pot experiments (without additional biochar) showed that the previous long-term biochar addition significantly increased soil phosphatase activity, due to an adaptive-enhancing response to P decrease in the rhizosphere zone. The in-situ study on the biogeochemical reactions of P in the rice rhizosphere may provide a new and direct perspective to better evaluate the biochar addition and potential benefits to agricultural soils.

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