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Phylogenetic and functional structures of plant communities along a spatiotemporal urbanization gradient: Effects of colonization and extinction

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Cui, Yi Chong 1 ; Song, Kun 1 ; Guo, Xue Yan 1 ; van Bodegom, Peter M. 3 ; Pan, Ying Ji 3 ; Tian, Zhi Hui 4 ; Chen, Xi 1 ;

作者机构： 1.East China Normal Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Urban Ecol Proc & Ecorestorat, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China

2.Inst Ecochongming, Shanghai, Peoples R China

3.Leiden Univ, Inst Environm Sci CML, Leiden, Netherlands

4.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Ecoenvironm Protect Res Inst, Shanghai, Peoples R China

5.Donghua Univ, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China

关键词： colonists; extinction; invasive species; ruderal species; space-for-time substitution; urban plant community

期刊名称：JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE （ 影响因子：2.685； 五年影响因子：3.641 ）

ISSN： 1100-9233

年卷期： 2019 年 30 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Question Urbanization has remarkable impacts on the phylogenetic and functional structures of plant communities. Both temporal and spatial comparisons along urbanization gradients are widely used in related studies, but there has been a lack of consistency in the results. Moreover, there is a need for studies that determine species assembly mechanisms through immigration and extinction. Therefore, two questions were addressed: (a) How do the phylogenetic and functional structures of ruderal species respond to urbanization, and do their shifts follow a similar pattern along temporal and spatial urbanization gradients? (b) What are the key underlying processes, i.e., either extinction- or colonization-caused clustering, that determine the phylogenetic and functional structures of ruderal species under urbanization? Study site Two metropoles (Shanghai and Harbin) experiencing rapid urbanization in China. Methods We collected occurrence data on ruderal species from 1955 and the present in two cities. Standardized effect sizes of mean pairwise phylogenetic distance and of mean pairwise functional distance values (MPDSES and MFDSES, resp.) were calculated to test whether there was phylogenetic and/or functional structure clustering along spatial or temporal urbanization gradients. beta-MPDSES and beta-MFDSES values were used to quantify the similarities among colonists, extinct species, and residents. Results Along both the spatial and temporal gradients, the MPDSES values in each city decreased from significantly positive to significantly negative with increasing urbanization. Inconsistently, along the temporal gradients, the beta-MPDSES values of the colonists/extinct species to the residents were significantly negative; along the spatial gradients, the beta-MPDSES values of extinct species to residents were significantly positive with increasing urbanization. Conclusions We found there was a clear phylogenetic clustering of ruderal species with increasing spatial and temporal urbanization gradients. Our analysis showed that the changes across the urban-rural gradient are mainly driven by species going extinct that are phylogenetically dissimilar to the resident species. The temporal dynamics are, however, primarily driven by colonist species that are phylogenetically similar to the resident species.

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