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Cultivation methods and biology of Lentinula edodes

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Song, Xiaoxia 1 ; Shang, Xiaodong 1 ; Zhang, Meiyan 1 ; Yu, Hailong 1 ; Zhang, Dan 1 ; Tan, Qi 1 ; Song, Chunyan 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Edible Fungi, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

关键词： Lentinula edodes; Cultivar breeding; Cultivation technique; Metabolic regularity; Cytological events

期刊名称：APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY （ 影响因子：4.3； 五年影响因子：5.1 ）

ISSN： 0175-7598

年卷期： 2025 年 109 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In this study, the biological applications of cultivation methods related to cultivar selection, vegetative growth, and reproductive development in Lentinula edodes cultivation are briefly reviewed to clarify the current situation and inform future developments. The current cultivars widely used in the main production areas are derived from wild strains distributed in northern Asia. The most effective techniques for cultivar identification are molecular markers identified in two nuclear genome datasets and one mitochondrial genome dataset. The current stage of cultivar breeding is at the junction of Breeding 3.0 (biological breeding) and Breeding 4.0 (intelligent breeding). Plant breeder's rights and patents have different emphases on new breeding variety protection, with the former being the most utilized globally. L. edodes is mostly produced on synthetic logs filled with sawdust substrates. Hardwood sawdust comprises approximately 80% of the substrates. The vegetative growth of L. edodes on synthetic logs involves two distinct stages of mycelial colonization and browning. Mycelia mainly perform glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and respiratory metabolism reactions to produce energy and intermediates for synthesizing the structural components of hyphae in the vegetative colonization stage. Upon stimulation by physiological and environmental pressures after colonization, mycelia trigger gluconeogenesis, autophagy, and secondary metabolism, increase metabolic flux of pentose phosphate pathway, activate the glyoxylate cycle, and accumulate melanin on the surface of logs to ensure growth and survival. Sexually competent mycelia can form hyphal knots as a result of reprogrammed hyphal branching patterns after a period of vegetative growth (which varies by cultivar) and stimulation by specific environmental factors. Under a genetically encoded developmental program, hyphal knots undergo aggregation, tissue differentiation, primordium formation, meiosis in the hymenium, stipe elongation, basidiospore production and maturation, and cap expansion to form mature fruiting bodies. Growers can achieve good fruiting body shape and high yield by regulating the number of young fruiting bodies and adjusting specific environmental factors.

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