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Gynoecy instability in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is due to unequal crossover at the copy number variation-dependent Femaleness (F) locus

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Zheng 1 ; Han, Yonghua 1 ; Niu, Huanhuan 2 ; Wang, Yuhui 1 ; Jiang, Biao 1 ; Weng, Yiqun 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Univ Wisconsin, Hort Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA

2.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China

3.Jiangsu Normal Univ, Sch Life Sci, Inst Integrat Plant Biol, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, Peoples R China

4.Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Vegetable Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China

5.USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA

期刊名称：HORTICULTURE RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.793； 五年影响因子：6.589 ）

ISSN： 2662-6810

年卷期： 2020 年 7 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Cucumber, Cucumis sativus is an important vegetable crop, and gynoecy has played a critical role in yield increase of hybrid cucumber production. Cucumber has a unique genetic system for gynoecious sex expression, which is determined by the copy number variation (CNV)-based, dominant, and dosage-dependent femaleness (F) locus. However, this gynoecy expression system seems unstable since monecious plants could often be found in F-dependent gynoecious cucumber inbreds. We hypothesized that gynoecy instability (gynoecy loss) may be due to unequal crossing over (UCO) during meiosis among repeat units of the CNV. In this study, using high throughput genome resequencing, fiber-FISH and genomic qPCR analyses, we first confirmed and refined the structure of the F locus, which was a CNV of a 30.2-kb tandem repeat. Gynoecious plants contained three genes: CsACS1, CsACS1G, and CsMYB, of which CsACS1G is a duplication of CsACS1 but with a recombinant distal promoter that may contribute to gynoecy sex expression. In two large populations from self-pollinated gynoecious inbred lines, 'gynoecy loss' mutants were identified with similar mutation rates (similar to 0.12%). We show that these monecious mutants have lost CsACS1G. In addition, we identified gynoecious lines in natural populations that carry two copies of CSACS1G. We proposed a model to explain gynoecy instability in F-dependent cucumbers, which is caused by UCO among CSACS1/G units during meiosis. The findings present a convincing case that the phenotypic variation of an economically important trait is associated with the dynamic changes of copy numbers at the F locus. This work also has important implications in cucumber breeding.

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