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Cross-Kingdom DNA Methylation Dynamics: Comparative Mechanisms of 5mC/6mA Regulation and Their Implications in Epigenetic Disorders

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Yu 1 ; Wang, Ying 2 ; Bao, Dapeng 2 ; Chen, Hongyu 2 ; Gong, Ming 2 ; Sun, Shujing 1 ; Zou, Gen 2 ;

作者机构： 1.Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China

2.Shanghai Acad Agr Sci, Inst Edible Fungi, Natl Engn Res Ctr Edible Fungi, 1000 Jinqi Rd, Shanghai 201403, Peoples R China

关键词： DNA methylation; 5mC; 6mA; epigenetic regulation; chromatin architecture

期刊名称：BIOLOGY-BASEL （ 影响因子：3.5； 五年影响因子：4.0 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 14 卷 5 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： DNA methylation, a cornerstone of epigenetic regulation, governs critical biological processes including transcriptional modulation, genomic imprinting, and transposon suppression through chromatin architecture remodeling. Recent advances have revealed that aberrant methylation patterns-characterized by spatial-temporal dysregulation and stochastic molecular noise-serve as key drivers of diverse pathological conditions, from oncogenesis to neurodegenerative disorders. However, the field faces dual challenges: (1) current understanding remains fragmented due to the inherent spatiotemporal heterogeneity of methylation landscapes across tissues and developmental stages, and (2) mechanistic insights into non-canonical methylation pathways (particularly 6mA) in non-mammalian systems are conspicuously underdeveloped. This review systematically synthesizes the evolutionary-conserved versus species-specific features of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and N6-methyladenine (6mA) regulatory networks across three biological kingdoms. Through comparative analysis of methylation/demethylation enzymatic cascades (DNMTs/TETs in mammals, CMTs/ROS1 in plants, and DIM-2/DNMTA in fungi), we propose a unified framework for targeting methylation-associated diseases through precision epigenome editing, while identifying critical knowledge gaps in fungal methylome engineering that demand urgent investigation.

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