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A large-scale comparison of the meat quality characteristics of different chicken breeds in South China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xiao, Liangchao 3 ; Qi, Lin 3 ; Fu, Rong 3 ; Nie, Qinghua 1 ; Zhang, Xiquan 1 ; Luo, Wen 1 ;

作者机构： 1.South China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Livestock & Poultry Breeding, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

2.South China Agr Univ, Lingnan Guangdong Lab Agr, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

3.South China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Dept Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

4.South China Agr Univ, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Agroanim Genom & Mol Breed, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

5.South China Agr Univ, Key Lab Chicken Genet Breeding & Reprod, Minist Agr & Rural Affair, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China

关键词： South China; meat quality; broiler; cluster analysis; GWAS

期刊名称：POULTRY SCIENCE （ 影响因子：4.4； 五年影响因子：4.4 ）

ISSN： 0032-5791

年卷期： 2024 年 103 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Meat quality traits are essential for producing high -quality broilers, but the genetic improvement has been limited by the complexity of measurement methods and the numerous traits involved. To systematically understand the meat quality characteristics of different broiler breeds, this study collected data on slaughter performance, skin color, fat deposition, and meat quality traits of 434 broilers from 12 different breeds in South China. The results showed that there was no signi ficant difference in the live weight and slaughter weight of various broiler breeds at their respective market ages. Commercial broiler breeds such as Xiaobai and Huangma chickens had higher breast muscle and leg muscle rates. The skin and abdominal fat of Huangma chickens cultivated in the consumer market in South China exhibited signi ficantly higher levels of yellowness compared to other varieties. Concerning fat traits, we observed that Wenchang chickens exhibited a strong ability to fat deposition, while the younger breeds showed lower fat deposition. Additionally, there were signi ficant positive correlations found among different traits, including traits related to weight, traits related to fat, and skin color of different parts. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that fast-growing and large broiler Xiaobai chickens formed a distinct cluster based on carcass characteristics, skin color, and meat quality traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract multiple principal components as substitutes for complex meat quality indicators, establishing a chicken meat quality evaluation model to differentiate between different breeds of chickens. At the same time, we identified 46, 22, and 20 SNP loci and their adjacent genes that were signi ficantly associated with muscle mass traits, fat deposition, and skin color through genomewide association studies (GWAS). The above results are helpful for systematically understanding the differences and characteristics of meat quality traits among different breeds.

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